Why is this code not making use of the variable in the for loop?
I'm quit new to Lua Coding and just started on following the scripting tutorial made in the wiki. I'm a curious learner and like things to specific so everything would make sense. This is just a simple newbie question, so it would be really great if you can help me out :D
In the script tutorial: http://wiki.roblox.com/index.php?title=Making_an_Explosion_Course It gave this as it's finished code:
children = game.Workspace:GetChildren()
while true do
for _, child in ipairs(children) do
if child.Name == "ExplosionPart" then
explosion = Instance.new("Explosion", game.Workspace)
explosion.Position = child.Position
end
end
wait(1)
end
On line 3 of this code, the author gave it 2 variables, which is a "" and "child", however he doesn't use the "" variable at all instead only uses 1 variable. Why is that?
Also, I would like to clarify what the variable is there for. What value is being given to the two variables, without knowing the content of the variable I can't really make use of what it is.
Sorry for poorly explaining it, my English is not great and I'm still new. I'm a curious learner and like things to make sense.
2 answers
For loops
There are generally two types of for loops: numeric for, and generic for. While you can click on those links for a more in depth explanation on each one, here's a brief summary:
Numeric for
Numeric for loops will run it's body of code given a certain range of numbers. It only has one variable, which represents the increment that changes per iteration. Here's an example:
for i = 1,10 do
print(i) -- print's what "i" equals each cycle, which is 1 greater than it's former.
end
The program above would print 1 through 10 each on different lines. There's also a third number you can provide, which is the step variant that determines how the variable i is incremented each iteration. You can read about that in the link given above.
Generic for
Generic for loops require some sort of iterative function that returns a key/value pair back to the for loop (this must be preformed on a table). This key/value pair is typically represented as i, v, where i is the index and v is the value. However, these are just variables and they can be named anything. Here's an example using the ipairs iterator from your code:
local list = {"a", "b", "c"}
for i,v in ipairs(list) do -- Cycles through table 'list', where 'i' is the index and 'v' is the value.
print(i, v)
end
This will print the key/value pair of each element in the list. In order to get a better understanding of how key/value pairs work, I suggest checking out this explanation on tables.
Your code
In the case of the code you've provided, you're using a generic for loop with the same two variables (index, and value). The only difference is, your index variable is named with an underscore, instead of any other variable name. This is mostly for when the author of the program doesn't intend on using the index variable, and just labels it with an underscore as a place filler. Example:
local list = {"a", "b", "c"}
-- Here I only care about getting the values from this list, not the indices. So I'll just throw something that I'm not going to use as the variable for the index parameter.
for _, v in pairs(list) do
print(v)
end
This is completely personal preference, and doesn't matter what the name of your variable is. It's just used as a universal way to represent a "blank" character, or a place filler.
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The first variable, in this case '_', represents the position of the value in the table.
For example:
local t = {'stuff', 3, 'apple', 6, 20, 'example'}
for i, v in ipairs(t) do
print(i,v) --this simply prints one then the other
end
The output would be: (minus the commas) 1, stuff 2, 3 3, apple 4, 6 5, 20 6, example
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