A portion of a string is called a substring. You can get substrings using the string.sub function:
3 | local firstTwo = text:sub(1, 2) |
6 | local nextTwo = string.sub(text, 3, 5) |
string.sub has a few different ways to be used:
text:sub(start, stop)
start and stop are both inclusive1 is the first letter, 2 the second, etc-1 is the last letter, -2 the second to last, etc
text:sub(start)
- the same thing as
text:sub(start, -1)
- gets all of the string starting at
start
*If the range is empty (entirely before or entirely after the string, or with a stop before a start) you get an empty string
string.sub never returns nil and never errors if the parameters are of the right types
Examples:
01 | print( string.sub( "abcdef", 2, 3) ) |
04 | print( string.sub("blah", 4) ) |
07 | print( string.sub("waffle", 2, -2) ) |
10 | print( string.sub("cat", 2) ) |
13 | print( string.sub("cat", 10) ) |
16 | print( string.sub("cat", 3, 2) ) |
1 will include the first letter, 2 will include the second letter, etc.
If you give negative numbers to :sub, they count backwards -- -1 is the last letter, -2 is the second to last letter, etc. Thus ("waffle"):sub(2, -2) is "affl".
If you only give one number to :sub(x), then it acts like :sub(x, -1) -- from the xth character on. For example, ("cat"):sub(2) is "at".
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