(Surface GUI) What is going wrong, if the script has no errors?

local Player = script.Parent.Parent.Parent.Parent.Parent.Parent

script.Parent.Text = tostring(script.Parent.ItemName.Value)..": "..tonumber(script.Parent.Cost.Value).." "..tostring(script.Parent.Currency.Value)
script.Parent.MouseButton1Click:connect(function()
	local cashmoney = game.ServerStorage.MoneyStorage:FindFirstChild(Player.Name)
	-- STOPS HERE
	if cashmoney ~= nil then
		if cashmoney.Value >= script.Parent.Cost.Value then
			cashmoney.Value = cashmoney.Value - script.Parent.Cost.Value
			game.Lighting.Shop.Swords[script.Parent.ItemName.Value]:Clone().Parent = Player.Backpack
			game.Lighting.Shop.Swords[script.Parent.ItemName.Value]:Clone().Parent = Player.StarterGear
		end
	end
end)

The script is a "purchase" script inside of a Surface GUI on a brick. I have tried printing a number every single line, the script appears to stop just before if cashmoney ~= nil then, although cashmoney is present.

Try doing this:

local cashmoney = game.ServerStorage.MoneyStorage:WaitForChild(Player.Name)

It could be because cashmoney is returning nil, due to the fact that the script couldn't locate it fast enough.

It's actually impossible for your script to stop where you specified - I think what actually happens is that cashmoney ~= nil is false, and so nothing else runs. This can easily happen if there is no child named the same as Player.Name in MoneyStorage. To check this, print out the relevant values on line 6:

print("Cashmoney:", cashmoney) --if it just prints out "Cashmoney:", that means it's nil
print(Player.Name)
print(game.ServerStorage.MoneyStorage:FindFirstChild(Player.Name))