How would I create a table that can be accessed by both the server and the client?

Modules

When you create a new module script, you should notice the default code placed is along the lines of:

local module = {}

return module

This means that module scripts by DEFAULT return arrays if you keep it as it is. Module scripts WILL work for this. You may commonly see people using module scripts for functions, but be aware that many people actually store the functions IN THE ARRAY.

WARNING

Only ReplicatedStorage and ReplicatedFirst will replicate any edits made to the array to both the server and the Client.

So lets try making a module script that returns an array with specific values:

ReplicatedStorage

local module = {"Digital","Veer"}

return module

Now lets access it from a local-script and server-script:

Local [Starterpack/StarterGui]

local mod = require(game.ReplicatedStorage["ModuleScript"])
print(mod[1])

Server [Workspace]

local mod = require(game.ReplicatedStorage["ModuleScript"])
print(mod[2])

Output

Your output should be:

DigitalVeer