First, Tab your code correctly.

Next, use meaningful variable names. Why say v when you mean player? Also, use _ for a variable you don't use (like the first i).

I have a number of concerns with this script as it is written.

First, you have a for loop that goes from 1 to #nobodyt but can remove elements from nobodyt. This is very problematic:

-- Consider the following list:
list = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13}
-- We are going to remove n from this list, wherever n + 1 is divisible by four
-- That would be 3, 7, 11 in this list.
for i = 1, #list do
	if (list[i] + 1) % 4 == 0 then
		table.remove(list, i)
	end
end

print( unpack(list) )

What is the result?

attempt to perform arithmetic on field '?' (a nil value)

What's going on here? We can print more to find out by adding this to the beginning and end of the loop:

	print("i = ", i, "; list = {", unpack(list) )

We get this as output:

i = 	1	; list = {	2	3	5	7	11	13
i = 	1	; list = {	2	3	5	7	11	13
i = 	2	; list = {	2	3	5	7	11	13
i = 	2	; list = {	2	5	7	11	13
i = 	3	; list = {	2	5	7	11	13
i = 	3	; list = {	2	5	11	13
i = 	4	; list = {	2	5	11	13
i = 	4	; list = {	2	5	11	13
i = 	5	; list = {	2	5	11	13

Notice the problem?

After removing the element at index 2, we go to index 3 -- but that skipped 5 (which is now at index 2).

We can fix this with a while loop that only increases i when we don't remove, or we can just go backward:

for i = #list, 1, -1 do
	if (list[i] + 1) % 4 == 0 then
		table.remove(list, i)
	end
end

Another problem I see is

if v == i then

i is a number, and v is a name. This comparison doesn't make sense. You do it twice.

A better solution

All of that said, this script is overly complicated for the task at hand.

A pretty simple specification:

• Consider every team
• Find out how many players are on it.
• If there are no players on it, destroy it.

This starts with teams as the outer loop, not players, which makes the work very much easier.

for _, team in pairs( game.Teams:GetChildren() ) do
	local color = team.TeamColor
	local count = 0
	for _, player in pairs( game.Players:GetPlayers() ) do
		-- The neutral check MAY be superfluous, assuming
		-- you never put players on neutral.
		if player.TeamColor == color and not player.Neutral then
			count = count + 1
		end
	end
	if count == 0 then
		team:Destroy()
	end
end

What might be more elegant, because it is useful in many cases for many other purposes, would be to write a function that gets the players on a team:

function getTeam( color )
	local team = {};
	for _, player in pairs( game.Players:GetPlayers() ) do
		if player.TeamColor == color and not player.Neutral then
			table.insert(team, player);
		end
	end
	return team;
end



for _, team in pairs(game.Teams:GetChildren()) do
	if #getTeam(team.TeamColor) == 0 then
		team:Destroy()
	end
end